Population Q&A

 

Population

 Short Answer Type Questions

Q. Describe the basic factors affecting the population of India.
Answer:
The basic factors affecting the population of India are as under :

·         Birth Rate: It is the number of live births per 1,000 individuals of a population per annum. It increases both population size and population density.

·         Death or Mortality Rate: It is expressed as the number of death per 1,000 individuals of a population per year. It decreases both population size and population density.

·         Migration: Migration is the movement of the people across regions and territories. Migration can be internal or international.

·         Q. What is meant by population growth and how do you calculate it?
Answer:
Growth of population refers to the change in the number of inhabitants of a country/territory during a specific period or time as an instance, during the last 10 years.

·       Such a change can be expressed in two ways: in terms of absolute numbers and in terms of percentage change per year.

·       It is obtained by simply subtracting the earlier population from the later population. It is referred to as absolute increase.

Q. Distinguish between Total Population and Average Density of Population.
Answer:

Total Population	Average Density of Population
(i) It is the number of people actually existing in the area.	(i) It is the number of people in a unit area after the distribution of the total population uniformly.
(ii) Its unit of measurement is number of people.	(ii) Its unit of measurement is the number of people per unit area.
(iii) Its value depends on the number of people only.	(iii) Its value depends on both the number of people as well as the total area.

What are the factors that influence the population distribution in India?
Answer:
Factors that influence the population distribution are :

·         Type of Climate: Areas having moderate climate have more population than the areas having extreme climatic conditions. Leh and Ladakh in Jammu and Kashmir and western Rajasthan have extreme type of climate. Therefore, these regions have less or sparse population.

·         Type of Soil: India’s northern plains and coastal plains are made up of alluvial soil which is very fertile. So, these areas are densely populated. On the other hand, hilly areas and deserts are thinly populated.

·         Opportunity for Jobs: The areas which have more opportunities of jobs are thickly populated, whereas areas which do not provide people with job opportunities are sparsely populated. Urban areas are thickly populated because of this factor.

·         Transportation : Cheap and fast transport facilities is required for development. The places where transport facility is developed are thickly populated.

·         Religious and Historical Places like Allahabad, Varanasi, Rameshwaram, Agra etc. are also thickly populated.

Q. What factors should be considered while studying about population?
Answer:
The following factors should be considered while studying about population :

·         Population size and distribution : How many people are there and where are they located?

·         Population growth and processes of population change : How has the population grown and changed through time?

·         Characteristics or qualities of the population : What are their age, sex composition, literacy levels, occupational structure and health conditions

 

 What is migration? Which are the two types “of migration? Describe the trends of migration in India.

Answer: (i) Migration is the movement of people across regions and territories.
(ii) Migration can be internal or international.
(iii) In India, most migrations have been form rural to urban areas because of the push factor in rural areas. These are adverse conditions of poverty and unemployment in the rural areas and the ‘pull’ of the city in terms of increased employment opportunities and better living conditions.

What are the three main processes of change of population?

Answer: The three main processes of change of population are – birth rates, death rates and migration.
(i) Birth rate: It is the number of live births per thousand persons in a year. It is a major component of growth because in India, birth rates have always been higher than the death rates.
(ii) Death rate: It is the number of deaths per thousand persons in a year. The main cause of the rate of growth of the Indian population has been The rapid decline in the death rate.

(iii) Migration: Migration is the movement of people across regions and territories. Migration can be internal (within the country) or international (between countries).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Q. What are the significant features of the National Population Policy 2000?

Answer: The National Population Policy 2000 provides a policy framework for:
i) Imparting free and compulsory school education up to 14 years of age, reducing infant mortality rate to below 30 per 1000 live births, achieving universal immunisation of children against all vaccine-preventable diseases,  promoting  delayed marriage for girls and making family welfare a people-centred programme.

ii) NPP 2000 has put special emphasis on the adolescent population.

iii) Providing food supplements, nutritional services, strengthening legal measures to prevent child marriage.